{"id":8504,"date":"2025-09-17T10:24:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-17T10:24:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/?p=8504"},"modified":"2025-09-17T10:24:10","modified_gmt":"2025-09-17T10:24:10","slug":"%e1%83%93%e1%83%94%e1%83%96%e1%83%98%e1%83%9c%e1%83%a4%e1%83%9d%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9b%e1%83%90%e1%83%aa%e1%83%98%e1%83%90-%e1%83%97%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%a5%e1%83%94%e1%83%97%e1%83%a8%e1%83%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/2025\/09\/17\/%e1%83%93%e1%83%94%e1%83%96%e1%83%98%e1%83%9c%e1%83%a4%e1%83%9d%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9b%e1%83%90%e1%83%aa%e1%83%98%e1%83%90-%e1%83%97%e1%83%a3%e1%83%a0%e1%83%a5%e1%83%94%e1%83%97%e1%83%a8%e1%83%98\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10d3\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0: \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 Facebook-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tinatin.giorgadze.7\/posts\/pfbid02dQswFSSzBu7dMgj6cHDPsZwQgVy3V1mvsASAk2B8JfkzwKaUBcHP4j53jnuoKyjHl\">\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1<\/a> \u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10e1 (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/YJHoU\">\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/a>), \u00a0\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1: \u201e\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e1! \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1!\u201c<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3,\u00a0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10d8\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-8506 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/123-1-300x230.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"443\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/123-1-300x230.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/123-1.jpg 738w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/teyit.org\/\">Teyit<\/a>-\u10d8\u10e1\u201d\u00a0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d8\u10db \u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, <a href=\"https:\/\/derstarih.com\/tarih-ders-kitaplari\/\">\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8<\/a> Derstarih.com 2024-2025 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 (\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0 <em>\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meb.gov.tr\/en\/\"><em>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd<\/em><\/a>) \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u00a0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 PDF \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/teyit.org\/\">Teyit<\/a>-\u10db\u10d0\u201c \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 Batum-\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8)\u00a0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10db\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u00a0<strong>\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u00a0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u00a0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u00a0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1.<\/strong> \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4-11 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4-12 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d4-11 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1USphVZfSW9mpHb4ULlFuvCUZlE4x1FTZ\/view\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8<\/a> \u00a0(\u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/TpMYc\">\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/a>) \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da, \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 (1878 \u10ec) \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d5\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d5.144). \u00a0\u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7-\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 (1877-78) \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10e3\u10dc\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10de\u10e3\u10dc\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/oldbatumi.wordpress.com\/2009\/11\/21\/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90-%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%96%E1%83%94-%E2%80%93-1878-%E1%83%AC%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0\/\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0<\/a> (\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8507 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-300x223.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"509\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-1024x762.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-768x572.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-74x55.png 74w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-111x83.png 111w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-215x161.png 215w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222-990x737.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/2222.png 1150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u10db\u10d4-12 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1Pdn0-q_nLtVnf-N9S2eeySByBHnBDO15\/view\">\u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8<\/a> (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/iZArm\">\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/a>), \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 Batum-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd \u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 3-\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 4-\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 (\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8). \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2-\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u00a0 1918 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea. \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5, \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0-\u10e3\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd. \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10da\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8508 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333-300x172.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"539\" height=\"309\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333-1024x588.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333-768x441.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333-990x569.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/33333333.png 1111w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 16 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u00a0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u00a0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u00a0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.deutscharmenischegesellschaft.de\/storage\/files\/wp\/2011-01-Vertrag-von-Moskau-16.-M%C3%A4rz-1921.pdf\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d7<\/a>. \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1Pdn0-q_nLtVnf-N9S2eeySByBHnBDO15\/view\">\u10d5\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d7<\/a>, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 &#8211; \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1.\u00a0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10db\u10d4-12 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8510 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/555-1-300x170.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"596\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/555-1-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/555-1-768x435.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/555-1.png 982w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 596px) 100vw, 596px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8511 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-300x225.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"484\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-74x55.png 74w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-111x83.png 111w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-215x161.png 215w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1-990x743.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/11-1.png 1102w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4, \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10e5\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 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