{"id":9191,"date":"2025-11-20T11:23:20","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T11:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/?p=9191"},"modified":"2025-11-20T11:23:20","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T11:23:20","slug":"socialur-qselshi-ioseb-stalinis-shesakheb-dezinformaciuli-mtkicebebi-vrceldeba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/2025\/11\/20\/socialur-qselshi-ioseb-stalinis-shesakheb-dezinformaciuli-mtkicebebi-vrceldeba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 TV-\u10d6\u10d4\u201d \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/reel\/894319989588127\">\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/a> (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20251020113238\/https:\/video-lga3-3.xx.fbcdn.net\/o1\/v\/t2\/f2\/m412\/AQPDLrdkJpJdGglGnifg6DqRFl9Fhbe9gizQw4br-9kVocqslUmoJ04XXRoyAk7Fx-evrqwbR3OmGZ_jQnTe1F-EXSYvzwKCv4eRZ30TwA.mp4?_nc_cat=104&#038;_nc_sid=8bf8fe&#038;_nc_ht=video-lga3-3.xx.fbcdn.net&#038;_nc_ohc=bp4n9CxJgFsQ7kNvwE3qL3D&#038;efg=eyJ2ZW5jb2RlX3RhZyI6Inhwdl9wcm9ncmVzc2l2ZS5GQUNFQk9PSy4uQzNlLjM2MC5zdmVfc2QiLCJ4cHZfYXNzZXRfaWQiOjI1NzI1OTQ0NjMxMjQyODYsInZpX3VzZWNhc2VfaWQiOjEwMTIzLCJkdXJhdGlvbl9zIjozMDIsInVybGdlbl9zb3VyY2UiOiJ3d3cifQ%3D%3D&#038;ccb=17-1&#038;_nc_gid=CZ4ztTbu2qOcounyPehloA&#038;edm=AGo2L-IEAAAA&#038;_nc_zt=28&#038;oh=00_AfdbZD2v0GH8lGxeZs5MuRA00xHfXBBbtnlL_9SHcef5EQ&#038;oe=68FC061E&#038;bitrate=205827&#038;tag=sve_sd&#038;dl=0\">\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/a>). \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9193 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7-211x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7-211x300.png 211w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7.png 573w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 1: \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/gfsis.org.ge\/files\/my-world\/30\/1_article.pdf\">\u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8<\/a> \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1. \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d4-5 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2 \u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10dd \u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10dd\u10e5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10dd\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4-19 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd. \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, 1801 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 I-\u10db\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da-\u10d9\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd 1810 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e3\u10e5\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10ea, 1811 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 30 \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e3\u10e5\u10db\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ea\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 1917 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1917 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 25 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10e2\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 25 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/1tv.ge\/news\/dghes-qartuli-martlmadidebeli-eklesiis-avtokefaliis-aghdgenis-dghe-aghinishneba\/\">\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 XX \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.nplg.gov.ge\/bitstream\/1234\/171184\/1\/Disertacia.pdf\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd<\/a> (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.ph\/jS4pb\">\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8<\/a>), \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da-\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ed\u10d0\u10d5\u10ed\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ed\u10d0\u10d5\u10ed\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.orthodoxy.ge\/dgesastsaulebi\/avtokefalia.htm\">\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc<\/a> \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d5\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10ea\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n<p>\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 1905 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 &#8211; \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0-\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e6\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0). 28-29 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd: \u201e\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1: 1) \u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0-\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. 2) \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e6\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc. 3) \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8 (\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10db\u10ef\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8), \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d4\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 412 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0. 31 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e7\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ed\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e7\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e7\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d4. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, 1905 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u00a0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u201c, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 1917 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 &#8211; \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0-\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 1906 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u201e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044c \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0435\u201c, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1: \u201e16 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10e2\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e6\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 1400 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d3 \u10da\u10dd\u10ea\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10e1\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1&#8221;. 1905-1912 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1. 1907 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8 \u00a0\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0: \u201e\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d7 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10dd\u10dc \u10ee\u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10db\u10d4 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10ec\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u201c. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd, \u10d8\u10db \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10e5\u10ea\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10de\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1908 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 28 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d4\u10de\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/patriarchate.ge\/news\/1501\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10f0\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d0<\/a>. \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d8\u10d0 \u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd. \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd\u10d3 1915 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d0. \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d9\u10d8, 1917 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d3\u10d0 &#8211; \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, 17 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1-\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, 1943 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0\u10d9 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1, \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 <a href=\"https:\/\/socialjustice.org.ge\/ka\/products\/stalini-stalinizmi-da-martlmadidebeli-eklesia\">\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0<\/a>. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1943 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 19 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10dd \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10da\u10dd\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 I-\u10db\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8 1990 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/gfsis.org.ge\/files\/my-world\/30\/1_article.pdf\">\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 <strong>\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 1917 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0<\/strong>. \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 2: \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e3\u10db\u10dd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nplg.gov.ge\/wikidict\/index.php\/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98\">\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8<\/a> \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0-\u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10e3\u10da \u10dd\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8 1921-1945 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1921 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ed\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7-\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0, \u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4 \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e1\u10e3-\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10db\u10ef\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e3\u10db\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7. \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4 \u10df\u10dd\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d3\u10d0 &#8211; 249 \u10e7\u10e3\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 2 \u10d4\u10d2\u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10de\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 20-21 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d2\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0 (\u10db\u10d0\u10d2., \u10d2\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc). \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd\u10d3, 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 10 \u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea 1933 \u10ec\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10ec\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d6 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d6\u10e3\u10d2\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 &#8211; \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d2\u10dd. 1933 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10e3\u10e5\u10db\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 <a href=\"https:\/\/factcheck.ge\/ka\/story\/41646-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98-%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98-%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90\">\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0<\/a>. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10da\u10e9 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1. \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d4\u10da\u10e9\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2 \u10e8\u10d0\u10e0\u10da \u10d3\u10d4 \u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd. \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d9\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230217104936\/http:\/archive.ge\/ka\/biography\/145\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3<\/a>, \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0-\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e3\u10db\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0. 1944 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 23 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4 \u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10e3\u10db\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, 82 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d4\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 3: \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 70-\u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sovlab\/videos\/2988214061452983\/?__cft__%5b0%5d=AZV6TeOtaYocF8a84dJfvJZg-H3ni9eORKQkWryBNif5zT5jwOJ2EsQt4N4p_NgXxEi5gI9Xjuew_7gCwkncqBw6eW_TZVh4gAMdT3iBJELFuXkL7SizZ8wAtQcjVYO2Y4QptIhvXIpCMC97p6eqLU7kSC_LsCWsAvY4YlMtlmQdxCrvPTNBW109JK2vikTSjxzy-Bukf8Bd2Ki68gvdGgPc&#038;__tn__=%2CO%2CP-R\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8<\/a> \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 80,000 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 (1921-1953 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8) \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 20,000-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 1924 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10ee\u10e8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 &#8211; 3,000-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd 1937-1938 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 &#8211; 11,000-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8. 1941-1951 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d7\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 114,000-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10ea\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10e3\u10de\u10e3\u10da \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e3\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/factcheck.ge\/ka\/story\/39881-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90-%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98-%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0-%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3,<\/a> \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e6\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10ee\u10dd. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1919 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 139 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc 108, 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10de\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0. 108 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db 51 &#8211; \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ef\u10d0, 37 &#8211; \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0. \u00a01924 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 3000-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, 1924 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10dd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiotavisupleba.ge\/a\/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0-%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%A7%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A1-1924-%E1%83%AC%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98\/33058300.html\">\u10d0\u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1<\/a> \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10ee\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e5\u10e3\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e7\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10df\u10d8\u10db\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10ee\u10e8\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d8 3000-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8,\u00a0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ef\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/articles\/great-purge\">\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8<\/a> (\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0). \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/soviethistory.msu.edu\/1936-2\/the-great-terror\/\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3,<\/a> \u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10db\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd 1936-1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.warhistoryonline.com\/world-war-ii\/10-facts-stalins-great-purge.html\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3,<\/a> 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u201c \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d0\u10e6\u10e5\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\/\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 &#8211; \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.com\/articles\/great-purge\">\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1<\/a> \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d0\u10db \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u00a0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 750,000 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 &#8211; \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0. \u00a0\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/peaceprizelaureates.nobelpeacecenter.org\/en\/laureate\/2022-memorial\">\u10db\u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<\/a> \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 Memorial-\u10d8\u10e1 [1] <a href=\"https:\/\/lists.memo.ru\/\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3,<\/a>\u00a0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0, \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 1936 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 1938 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 1.71 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc 1.44 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd 724,000 &#8211; \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>1937-38 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e9\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/bfi.uchicago.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/BFI_WP_2024-154.pdf\">\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1<\/a> \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8 950,000-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc 1.2 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10e8\u10e8-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1 (CIA) \u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10db\u10da\u10dd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/readingroom\/docs\/DOC_0001408642.pdf\">\u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8<\/a> \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10de\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea (11,000-\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8). \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0) \u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8 1000 \u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0) 500 \u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d7 <a href=\"https:\/\/factcheck.ge\/ka\/story\/39881-%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90-%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1-%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98-%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0-%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C\">\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9194 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/555-260x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/555-260x300.jpg 260w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/555.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10e1\u201c \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea, \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 (IDFI) <a href=\"https:\/\/idfi.ge\/ge\/on_the_mass_burial_site_of_victims_of_the_soviet_repressions_discovered_in_batumi\">\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3,<\/a> 2019 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d5\u10d0\u10e9\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 1937-1938 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8: \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7. IDFI-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ed\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 1050-\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10e9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1vUQU3jH9j3wkn1vLTOXASjSGGQtc_lEs\/view\">\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8<\/a> \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10f0\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, 2022 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/idfi.ge\/ge\/archaeological_report_on_the_exhumation_and_search_work_of_the_victims_of_the_great_terror_in_adjara_georgia_on_january%2024_february%208_2022\">\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8<\/a> 29 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u00a0 IDFI-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 (\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10e8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8) \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 3-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 1937-1938 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10df\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/historyproject.ge\/ge\/archivememoryresearch\/article\/582\/?cat_id=40\">\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea,<\/a> \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 30 \u10d8\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd: <strong>\u201e1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 5 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dd\u10da\u10e5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u201c. <\/strong>\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e6\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10db 5 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u201c, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u201e\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u201c 11 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e6\u10dc\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1 \u201e\u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e6\u10dc\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u201c \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d7 \u201e\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea\u201c \u10d8\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e6\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10ee\u10dd, \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>\u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/jam-news.net\/ge\/stalinis-didi-terori-yvelaze-martivi-kitkhvebi-1937\/#:~:text=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B,%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A7%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1\">\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0<\/a> \u201e\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u201e\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u201c \u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u201e\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u201c \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e2\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0.\u10e8. \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u201e\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u201c \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10ee\u10dd \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc: \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10da \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10df\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d5\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4, \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10d0\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d4\u10df\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n<p>IDFI-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da <a href=\"https:\/\/stalin.historyproject.ge\/\">\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4<\/a>, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 1937-1938 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10de\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10dd\u10d9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u10db\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10d8\u10da \u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> (1888-1937)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stalin.historyproject.ge\/info\/3436\">\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3<\/a> \u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0: \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 <strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 15 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 30 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 (\u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u201c <a href=\"https:\/\/historyproject.ge\/public\/uploads\/archivedbpdfs\/457.pdf\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0<\/a> 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 15 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0.)<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9195 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-300x133.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-1024x453.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-768x340.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-1536x680.png 1536w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-990x438.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1-1320x584.png 1320w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8-1.png 1879w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 528px) 100vw, 528px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u10d4\u10d5\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10eb\u10d4<\/strong> (1903-1937)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stalin.historyproject.ge\/info\/978\">\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3<\/a> \u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0: \u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\/\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db. \u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4. \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10ef\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db.\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10e1.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 <strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 4 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 13 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 22 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 (\u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u201c <a href=\"https:\/\/historyproject.ge\/ge\/archivedocuments\/index\/44\/?third_c=108\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0<\/a> 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 22 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9196 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-300x131.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"481\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-1024x448.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-768x336.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-1536x672.png 1536w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-990x433.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789-1320x577.png 1320w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/789.png 1879w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd) \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8<\/strong> (1887-1937)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stalin.historyproject.ge\/info\/2961\">\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3<\/a> \u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0: \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d4\u10d5-\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2. 1932 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e4\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10ee\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10dd\u10ee\u10e3\u10db\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0 36 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8. \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e5. \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. 1935 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3. \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d9\/\u10e0 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea 1935 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, 1935 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d6\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10e1\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 <strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 1936 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 19 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 28 \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 29 \u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1 (\u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u201c <a href=\"https:\/\/historyproject.ge\/public\/uploads\/archivedbpdfs\/454.pdf\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0<\/a> 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 31 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9197 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-300x131.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"435\" height=\"190\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-300x131.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-1024x447.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-768x335.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-1536x671.png 1536w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-990x432.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro-1320x577.png 1320w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/sandro.png 1875w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u10e2\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d4<\/strong> (1893-1937)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/stalin.historyproject.ge\/info\/1005\">\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3<\/a> \u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0: \u00a0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0-\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d3. \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3. \u10db\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3 \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da, \u10db\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8.-\u10e1, \u10d8.\u10db\u10d8\u10ec\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d3.\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d0.\u10db\u10d8\u10e5\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d3. \u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1. \u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 <strong>\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 9 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 15 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1, \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e1 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 16 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 (\u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u201c <a href=\"https:\/\/historyproject.ge\/public\/uploads\/archivedbpdfs\/459.pdf\">\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0<\/a> 1937 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 22 \u10dc\u10dd\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e1\u10e0).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9198 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-300x133.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"458\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-300x133.png 300w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-1024x452.png 1024w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-768x339.png 768w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-1536x679.png 1536w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-990x437.png 990w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic-1320x583.png 1320w, https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/tic.png 1874w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0, \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n[1] 2021 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d6\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d4\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd, \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u201e\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e5\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u201e\u10e1\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 TV-\u10d6\u10d4\u201d \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e5\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8). \u10e9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 1: \u10d8\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e5\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10d9\u10d4\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10dd \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e7\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9199,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,92],"tags":[964,963,965,300],"class_list":["post-9191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-verified-facts","category-analizi","tag-964","tag-963","tag-965","tag-300"],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":134,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9191","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9191"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9200,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9191\/revisions\/9200"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9199"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/geofacts.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}